Rufus,

Has anyone sent you any medical records yet? It would be great if you could post them. Then we could put give people an idea of what percentage of stones are compose of which chemicals, etc.

By studying the anatomy of the liver, gallbladder and ducts cetain important observations can be made. The fact that you can then better see some of how the liver functions does not mean you now see the entire picture. You see part of the liver's functions this way.

What you are studying is anatomy and you need to know some of what the liver and it's surrounding structures like the ducts and connections, for example to the gallbladder, do IN ORDER TO UNDERSTAND THE STRUCTURE. You see the ducts and you wonder what they do. When you find out they carry bile, its important to the understanding of the liver structure. Just as it is important to people who have gallbladder attacks or stones elsewhere, like in the liver, to know from what structure in the body is this pain emanating. It takes the mystery out of the pain and makes them feel better.

But then what do you do? Just because you can name the lobes and every single part of the liver precisely does not mean you understand the function. You only know the function when you see it running which you cannot in a dissection. When the liver is removed from the body it doesn't function anymore. You cannot figure out how the liver stores things simply by looking at it anymore than you can figure out how the mother board in the computer's CPU works by simply looking at it. How does the computer store information, how does the liver store stones are questions pertaining to function. These questions are answered
by experimental tests and painstaking research while the liver is running without damaging the patient. I would be asking of doctors and researchers who are sincerely interested in health where are these tests (so I can read them) ?

How do you know how certain chemicals are stored throughout the liver and how it will react when this complex chemical factory is hit by an acid/oil combination (as in a liver flush)? My question would be could it be possible that the tiny grain-of- sand-sized stones are then precipitated out of the liver somehow following a chemical reaction? The reasoning would be it might be easier to move the chemicals that the liver wants out, because they interfere with function, in small particles throughout the liver. It's probably lighter and easier to remove for a burdened liver than a few gigantic stones that can't go or get anywhere once they are formed because it's too difficult to pass through the small ducts you described without doing damage to itself.

The analogy would be that it's easier to carry 25 small stones from one place to another, manually, than to pick up one large stone, the equivalent of those 25 small stones, and carry it, manually. For example, if you were building an addition on to a house, or creating a stone fence or landscaping and you had to do it yourself (say money constraints), you have to figure a way how you can move the materials (yourself) to where you need them. If you order rock material from a quarry or building supply and they deliver one large stone to your building site then you have to figure out how you are going to move this stone into place by the house or fence or landscape since you have to do the work yourself. Perhaps you have enough money to pay the delivery man extra this time so he can break the stone into smaller partsfor you. From this you learn that the next time you order stones, you are going to order the same amount of stone but in 25 smaller pieces so you can move them into place and not have to pay extra money to the delivery man to break it down.

Since you cannot go in and clean your liver with your hand the liver has to clean itself. And it has found, through evolution I imagine, that it is like the man who has to move the stones out himself so it makes the stones in sizes it can move out safely. And it can count on the ducts to have extra stretch in them, but not too often, when needed for large stones. I have read posts by expert "liver flushers" where they drink unfiltered apple juice to soften stones so they bend some or are more flexible as they move and jostle their way down the ducts. When the ducts stretch a little and the stones bend or compress a little you can get out larger stones then the size of the opening of the duct once it has resumed its normal or usual state or size. (You certainly don't want to do anything to make the ducts contract to the point where the stone won't pass through and cause you pain.)

The ducts are not made of plastic they are living, moving things.
When you consider the distended colon of John Wayne who had 40 lbs. of compacted matter in it due to cancer, you must realize that the width of that compaction in the intestines and colon far exceeded the 1 inch diameter of the normal sized colon. That means the intestines had to stretch themselves wide to accomodate this. I remember reading about the autopsy of a 38 year-old-male who had a colon that was 19 inches in diameter (impacted with feces). Different ducts or conduits stretch to different degrees.
The arteries have a very, very narrow range to stretch before they break or leak. If you are a larger sized man or woman can you have a larger liver with larger ducts and carry larger stones? When you are specific things then you have to make specific comparisons. Some of these things can only be answered by understanding the various functions of the superb chemical factory that the liver is. (Things go in in one form and come out another.) To try and "divine" how stones are made simply by looking at the dissected liver specimen is the inevitable outcome of only studying the anatomy of the liver.

To try and say you are skeptical of the function, in this case, because you know the anatomy is arrogant. Wouldn't your next step be to lay more of a foundation for yourself on what the biochemistry of the liver is so you could better understand how it might be possible that stones are produced in the liver? Are you a skeptic because you had extensive chem. and bio. courses, or because you lack knowedge of basic chemistry? Maybe you can come up with your own theory of where they came from.

What you don't know can hurt you. If you had taken the required liver/chemistry courses the conventional doctor took (who does nothing to flush out stones), you may not have come to the same conclusions he did. Lots of people equally schooled or better, didn't. If just by knowing anatomy you know everything about the liver, then why can't oncologists who hold to the conventional beliefs cure liver cancer? If all you need is anatomy?

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